After a short pause, the borders of east and southeast Europe are again in flux, as they have been on and off since the early Russian people established Kiev as their capital. Crimea was annexed by Catherine the Great. The British and others fought the Cr
The European Commission was instructed by the Council of Ministers in March 2014 to draw up an energy security plan in time for the next Council of Ministers meeting in June 2014.
The Russian intervention in Crimea - and its effective annexation - comes in a context in which Russian intervention in Ukraine has been a continuing feature of southeast European politics fro generation. This is Russia's back yard, and from the mid-ninet
It is fashionable to state that there are three objectives of European energy policy: security of supply, low carbon and affordability. Yet this “trilemma”—how to achieve all of these three simultaneously—is far from straightforward. None of the three obj
We live in extraordinary times. Real interests are negative, have been negative for several years and the forward guidance from central bankers suggests that they believe they are going to stay that way for several years to come. Yet this is a very unnatu
The state of British infrastructure is the source of almost continuous study and criticism. There is now a host of new demands in water, energy, transport and communications which require a step change in investment. The Coalition government has made a se
In D. Helm and D. Holt (eds.), 'Air Transport and Infrastructure: The Challenges Ahead', published November 2003 by Oxera, pp. 1-4. In committing itself to providing a 30-year framework for air transport policy, the government recognised that the existing
The consequence of the ’project wish list’ approach rather than an integrated plan is not just that many things don’t get done, but that the costs tend to be much higher
1. The starting point is to focus on the objectives set by government policy, and to consider whether the current institutional arrangements are well designed to meet them. 2. The overarching aim is to ensure that the environment is integrated into the ec
Abstract: Biodiversity is complex, difficult to define, difficult to measure, and often involves international and intergenerational considerations. Biodiversity loss presents significant economic challenges. A great deal of economics is required to under
How far is the world down the road of energy transition? "Gas in Transition" Natural Gas World.… https://t.co/zQwafOochF
PublicationClimate Change The coal question July 12, 2022
There is no route to decarbonisation without getting rid of coal, but coal remains a main energy source worldwide. What are the implications...
PublicationClimate Change The retreat from net zero July 4, 2022
As governments around the world rush to secure their energy supplies, this paper looks at the implications for plans to transition to net ze...
Recent Publications
The longer-term consequences of the energy crisis require a permanent cost solution to be ...
Keynote speech at the Policy Exchange
With energy bills set to increase from 1st April, and just 13 years for the electricity se...